In order to limit the use of drugs and unsafe chemicals affecting the environment as well as human health, many households have focused on investing in modern equipment, high technology application to farm whiteleg shrimp for economic efficiency.
The typical model of high-tech whiteleg shrimp farming belongs to Mr. Tran Van Loi at Tan village, Quang Nham commune (Quang Xuong district). As a person with more than 20 years of experience in shrimp farming, Mr. Loi diligently researched and learned from the practice to apply technology of whiteleg shrimp farming in a greenhouse with a total area of 1 ha, including 6 ponds. In this area, the sedimentation pond is 5,000m2, the rest is shrimp farming area. The sedimentation pond system is used to inject seawater into the pond for raising some fish such as flathead mullet, red tilapia, barramundi to increase income and clean water due to the fact that the fish eat impurities and harmful bacteria in water. Thanks to that, the water in the settling pond is pumped into shrimp farming ponds to ensure the required quality. The total initial cost for a hectare of greenhouse shrimp was up to billions of VND, including building settling ponds, houses covering ponds, covers for pond bottom, installing the bottom oxygen-creating fan system. The entire ponds are designed above the ground.
Instead of digging deep ponds according to traditional methods, Loi just digs about 30cm deep, then builds the shore from 1.7 to 2m above the ground. The advantage of that kind of ponds is absorbing much wind and light to limit the risk for shrimp in the erratic weather and unstable environment. As the investment model is quite modern and self-contained, it is possible to stock intensive shrimp with a very crowded density of an average of 200-290 fingerlings/m2. After about 100 days of farming the shrimp can be harvested with a size of 35-40 counts/kg. Besides, Loi also uses micro-biological technology and does not use antibiotics to ensure shrimp of food hygiene and safety. In the process of farming, farmers actively control the temperature and culture environment, minimizing the negative impacts outside the natural environment in the rapid changes of temperature in the pond.
Therefore, the model of greenhouse shrimp culture towards high technology application is considered to be less risky, which limits diseases and achieves economic efficiency of 2-3 times higher than the traditional shrimp farming. In addition, the method of shrimp farming in the greenhouse also creates conditions for intensive farming and active harvest time. In the first 11 months of 2018, Mr Loi harvested more than 20 tons of shrimp for sale at 280,000 VND/kg for 40 counts/kg. Apart from shrimp farming model of Tran Van Loi, many shrimp farmers in the province have also paid attention to investment in hatchery ponds and settling ponds, purchasing equipment such as water fans, pumps, water meters and other essential equipment, stocking shrimp on schedule, focusing on learning and researching techniques in the production process, such as Do Van Hai in Bai Trung village, Hoa Loc commune (Hau Loc district); Nguyen Van Hung in Quang Thai commune (Quang Xuong); Mai Van Tac in Nga Tan Commune ...
In the past, many households did not arrange sedimentation ponds to treat the water before pumping water into the ponds. That makes shrimp farming households not active in getting quality water for ponds, especially during the delivery of the season, pond environment is prone to contamination and disease is easy to emerge. Therefore, when investing in sedimentation ponds, the water used for the shrimp culture process will limit the disease in shrimp. The white leg shrimp is identified by the Department of Agriculture and Rural Development as a major aquaculture species in the project of agricultural restructuring to 2020, orientation to 2025. Accordingly, on the basis of renovating and upgrading the former industrial tiger shrimp farming area, the development of white leg shrimp intensive farming in the direction of high technology is to achieve 500 ha by 2020, productivity of 15 tons/ha, output of 7,500 tons; By the year 2025, the farming area is 750 ha with productivity of 15 tons/ha or more, with the output of 11,250 tons... The practical results show that high-tech white leg shrimp farming is a model that is sustainable, high economic efficiency and should be replicated in the coming time.
Nhu Nguyet