Sustainable shrimp farming in Quang Binh (08-10-2018)
In recent years, Quang Binh province has had application of improved farming procedures to intensive on sand shrimp farming, which based on bio-technology and biofloc technology. However, up to now there are still many difficulties such as low effectiveness, environmental pollution and epidemic diseases occur continuously.
The reason is due to the planning, investment in ponds, applying the process of farming not suitable with the natural conditions of the province. In order to develop sustainable shrimp farming, friendly with the environment, adaptable with severe climate conditions in Quang Binh province and investment ability of people, many solutions proposed for shrimp industry were given.
Specifically, shrimp farming is applied biotechnology, multi-stage, less water exchange combining the appropriate technical solutions for each farming area, species and farming season. The essence of this process is intensive farming with Biofloc technology, not using chemicals and antibiotics. Before stocking, coloring the water by products derived from fermented plant (rice bran, soybean meal, molasses, etc.). At the same time, during growing out processes, using probiotics directly for the ponds to increase the amount of beneficial organisms, destroy harmful organisms, and increase ability to decompose organic materials. Probiotics also are mixed into feed for shrimp in order to stabilize the intestinal tract, help shrimp digest and increase resistance against disease. In parallel with this technology, farmers need to carry out synchronous technical solutions such as: Multi-stage farming, technology of less water exchange, investment in settling ponds, ponds treatment and waste treatment.
For large scale on sand shrimp farming (over 2 ha), a complete system of ponds should be built. Nursing ponds should be placed in a shelter. However, small low cost nursing ponds can be made using canvas, and roofed. For commercial ponds, it is possible to create a roof with a net.
For small-scale farming areas (less than 2 ha), there is no condition for investing on a complete construction of the pond system. Hence, it is recommended to separate sedimentation pond or nursery pond and commercial ponds. In areas less than 1 ha, it is recommended to invest one nursing pond and two commercial ponds, but only one commercial pond is used for farming, and the rest for water supply.
In the case of clay ponds, the solution is to raise tilapia in cage in shrimp ponds to adjust the microbial biomass in favor of the pond, stabilize the water environment.
Thúy Quỳnh