Year of 2018 - Significant growth
In order to sustainably develop aquatic products in accordance with the objectives of restructuring the industry, it is necessary to implement many synchronous solutions, including the production and supply of quality breeds to farmers.In 2018, thanks to good planning for breeding, propaganda, production guidance, application of technical advances, the supply of aquatic breeds has been positive growth.
Regarding brackish shrimp, there were 2,457 breeds’ production facilities (about 1,855 hectares of black tiger shrimp and 602 hectares of white leg shrimp). Production of breeds was estimated at 120 billion fingerlings which enough demand for over 720,000 hectares of farming area.
About Tra fish, with about 230 hectares, it can produce over 25 billion alevins. More than 4,000 households nursed fingerlings with an area of about 2,250 hectares, ensuring to supply more than 2.5 billion breeds for farming areas.
At the same time, producing mollusk seed (clam / clam, Pacific oyster, sweet snail, ...); sea fish; cold water fish (sturgeon, salmon); Giant freshwater prawns and a number of other specialty aquatic species are interested in developing, basically meeting the farming demand. In 2018, for the first time in the country, it was proactive in the technology of artificial breeds’ production of three sturgeon species, including: Russian sturgeon, Siberian sturgeon and Stelert sturgeon, contributing to active breeding of commercial sturgeon.
In addition to key farming objects, cold water fish and specialty aquatic products have also contributed significantly to production development, meeting domestic market demand, exploiting potential water surface areas, creating jobs and income for people, especially in rural, contributing to poverty reduction and new rural construction.
Opportunity
The scientific and technical achievements in breed’s production by artificial methods have been the driving force for the development of breeds’ production activities.
Particularly for brackish water shrimp, breeds production have been specialized, forming concentrated breeds’ production areas. The supply of fingerlings is organized by enterprises that signed with farming areas. Currently, the production of shrimp breeds is of industrial scale with the presence of many large enterprises and enterprises with foreign capital. The small investment facilities which are not competitive, inefficient production have shrunk. Most of the shrimp hatcheries have fully complied with regulations on management and use of broodstock origin, well performed the inspection of environment, epidemics and interest in the benefits of farmers. Many hatcheries have combined technical advice for farmers to get good results.
On November 21st, 2017, the XIV National Assembly passed the Fisheries Law No. 18/2017 / QH14. Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development has developed and submitted documents guiding the Law. As of January 1st, 2019, the Fisheries Law and its guiding documents are effective, will fundamentally change the management method for aquaculture, including aquatic breeds.
Challenge
Along with opportunities are challenges. First, the unpredictable impact of climate change on breeds’ production. The second is the quality management of shrimp seed. Currently over 90% of white leg shrimp parents have been imported; and breeds of black tiger prawns depend much on natural catching. There are many small establishments do not guarantee quality. Therefore, there is still a part of the quality of shrimp breed which has not been fully managed.
Over the past years, the government has invested funds to research and create, propagate and distribute quality broodstock for production. However, according to the assessment, the quality of breeds still has many potential risks. Therefore, in the directions of the industry, it is important to continue research, create to provide quality and quantity assurance such as approved programs and strategies. In addition, the agricultural sector and localities have many mechanisms and policies to encourage and attract enterprises with investment capacity in the field of breeds’ production and supply. In addition, the application of high technology, biotechnology in breeds’ production and supply is being promoted...
However, in order to achieve the overall success of the industry, farmers need to be more interested in selecting good breeds which helps to ensure the growth rate, trade weight, harvest time, reduce feed costs and prevent disease, increase economic efficiency.
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