Thanh Hoa: A Shrimp Farming Model for The Winter Season Achieves High Productivity and Disease Control (19-04-2021)

Tran Dinh Luan, Director General of the General Department of Fisheries, held a working session in Thanh Hoa on March 17, 2021, to determine the current state of shrimp farming in the province.
Thanh Hoa: A Shrimp Farming Model for The Winter Season Achieves High Productivity and Disease Control

The Department of Agriculture and Rural Development of Thanh Hoa province presented a report on the development of fisheries in general and brackish shrimp farming in particular in the province over the last few years at the conference.

According to a report released by Thanh Hoa province's Department of Agriculture and Rural Development, the province's aquaculture sector continues to expand steadily in terms of area, encouraging intensive farming of some subjects such as white shrimp, c arp, black carp, grass carp, tilapia, white leg, Ben Tre clam, carp, black carp, grass carp, tilapia, etc all contribute to economic restructuring. The cultivated area will increase from 18,900 ha to 19,500 ha between 2016 and 2020, and the production will increase from 50,100 tons to 55,000 tons, with an average annual growth rate of 2.2 percent. Hoang Hoa, Quang Xuong, Nga Son, Hau Loc, Ha Trung, and Nghi Son city, for example, have a wide area and produce aquaculture products. In the current environment, where fisheries services are being used to the point of exhaustion, the aquaculture industry becomes a long-term oriented production and sustainable development. Departments, divisions, and localities have mobilized 120,107 billion VND in investment capital from the central budget to gradually develop sustainable aquaculture. The provincial budget is 14,453 billion VND, which will be used to execute five projects: Hoang Phong Aquaculture Region (Hoang Hoa); Dong - Phong - Ngoc Aquaculture Area (Ha Trung); aquaculture facilities in Minh Loc and Hoa Loc communes (Hau Loc); and the use of two safe concentrated aquaculture areas with an area of total 300 ha; and the upgrading of extensive shrimp farming areas in Nga Tan and Nga Thuy communes (Nga Son). In addition, Thanh Hoa province has funded investment in 10 brackish water aquaculture areas in communes of Nga Tan, Nga Thuy (Nga Son); Xuan Loc (Hau Loc); Hoang Dat, Hoang Thang, Hoang Luu, Hoang Chau, Hoang Phong (Hoang Hoa); Quang Chinh, Quang Khe (Quang Khe); Quang Chinh, Quang Khe (Quang Khe); (Quang Xuong). The whole province has flexibly converted 22,041 hectares of inefficient, low-lying rice fields to aquaculture combined with livestock for high economic efficiency.

People in the region are currently converting soil pond culture to pond culture, farming in the form of high-tech intensive farming, for brackish water shrimp farming. In addition to the two main crops, people organize shrimp farming during the winter season, which has yielded promising results so far.

There are several complicated developments in the Northern provinces such as Quang Ninh, Nam Dinh, Thai Binh, Thanh Hoa, Nghe An, etc due to weather conditions, particularly in shrimp farming off-season (winter season) when the temperature drops. The temperature differential between day and night is very high, putting shrimp at risk and making them vulnerable to disease, causing farmers to lose crops. As a result, outdoor shrimp farming has been difficult for several years during the cold season (out of season). In recent years, people in some northern provinces in general, and Thanh Hoa province in particular, have had to invest in a lined pond system and a whole roof if they wanted to grow shrimp during the winter season. This pond necessitates significant expenditures that are outside the financial means of many households.

Mr. Le Van Hung's model of white-leg shrimp farming in the winter crop without using the roof was visited by a working group from the Directorate of Fisheries, the National Center for Agricultural Promotion, in Hoang Truong commune, Hoang Hoa district, Thanh Hoa.

The case of Mr. Le Van Hung in Hoang Truong commune, Hoang Hoa district, Thanh Hoa was also among the farmers who left their shrimp pond empty during the cold season for many years. After a period of learning and learning from experience, Mr. Hung has invested in off-season shrimp farming with the support of the National Agricultural Extension Center in connecting techniques as well as products for shrimp farming in the integrated project- Public-Private Partnership (PPP)- Professionalizing the farmer. Anh Hung has invested in a system of 07 ponds lined with canvas on an area of approximately 1.5ha, with each pond having an area of around 1000-2000m2. It is worth noting that Anh Hung's model is one of off-season shrimp farming without the use of roofs, with probiotics supplementing helpful bacteria to help shrimp grow healthy, limiting toxins and inhibitors harmful bacteria, protecting health and enhancing resistance.

His initial aim was to minimize the cost of raising shrimp, and because farming off the hit crop during the festival season, tourism in high demand, made consumption easier, and the sale price increased. In the first days of March 2021, with 04 ha of his pond after nearly 4 months of stocking, there is currently a batch of shrimp weighing 50-60 shrimp per kg with healthy growth, disease free and consumption. Since this is the off-season shrimp, it is very easy to harvest anywhere, and there are traders who buy there at a very high price. That is the outcome of a research process conducted by the people of Thanh Hoa's coastal region in order to minimize investment costs in shrimp farming, limit diseases, control environmental factors effectively, and raise costs.

Currently, with a 1000 m2 pond, he stocked with a density of 300-350 shrimp / m2, and after 4 months of stocking, shrimp have reached a size of around 50-60 shrimp / kg, with a pond estimated to exceed 4 tons / pond. The current selling price ranges between 190,000 and 200,000 VND per kg. After deducting the costs of seed, food, bio-products, and so on. You will get about 350-400 million VND / pond.

Mr. Tran Dinh Luan expressed his appreciation to the National Agricultural Extension Center for working with localities to connect bio-product and feed companies in order to develop products and create models, performing, providing technical assistance to increase production quality, reducing epidemics, and replicating good models to the community.

The initial success of the off-season shrimp farming model without roofs, in particular, has opened a new path in brackish shrimp farming for some Northern provinces in general and localities in Thanh province in particular. In the coming time, it would be important to analyze, summarize, and reproduce the concept to other localities in the city. Mr. Luan stressed that during the construction process, it is important to obey the recommendations of the authority and to comply to the planning in order to avoid major development outside of the local planning area, which may have long-term implications.

According to Mr. Kim Van Tieu, Deputy Director of the National Center for Agricultural Extension, the National Center for Agricultural Extension has recently collaborated with several private companies to facilitate the process of connecting processing, from raw materials to output use, while alternating with technical support for farmers. The National Center for Agricultural Extension (NSC) will collaborate with probiotic manufacturers in 2020 to launch products and develop demonstration models in the East Mekong River Delta and Thanh Hoa.

The preliminary findings show that the commodity meets the consistency criteria, that the shrimp develop quickly, that they are stable, and that they are disease-free. Furthermore, Mr. Tieu stated that the finished shrimp follow biochemical safety requirements while also satisfying the needs of domestic consumption and export.

According to Thanh Hoa Fisheries Department representatives, there are many models of shrimp farming on the sand with tarpaulin ponds in Thanh Hoa province, and using bio-products has brought much higher economic performance in comparison to shrimp during the main season (2 main crops). Due to the harvest of shrimp during the Lunar New Year season, the beginning of the year with several festivals, tourism demand increases, production is limited, and the sale price is 1.5 times that of the main season shrimp. However, shrimp farming in the Northern provinces during the winter season is extremely dangerous due to complicated temperature, weather, low temperature, and a significant variation in day and night temperature, making farmed shrimp vulnerable to disease. As a result, the Department advises that farmers thoroughly treat and develop the pond before each harvest, destroy pathogens before stocking, and select safe varieties that do not carry pathogens, especially for spot disease. White shrimp whitening and acute hepatopancreatic necrosis The use of probiotics in aquaculture is seen as a solution to assist farmers in stabilizing and developing.

Le Mai (theo tongcucthuysan.gov.vn)

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